Журнал «Филоlogos»

LINGUOGEOGRAPHICAL APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF DIALECT VOCABULARY (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF THE NAMES OF CLOTHES IN THE VORONEZH DIALECTS)

Author: Panova M.V.

The purpose of this article is the areal characteristic of the names of clothes in the Voronezh dialects and the realization of a linguo-geographical approach to the study of dialect vocabulary. The dialect names of the traditional folk costume items, which were found in the modern dialects of the Voronezh region and recorded by the monuments of the Voronezh business writing of the 17th-18th centuries, are explored. The study revealed the vocabulary which brings together the Voronezh region with other territories (Northern Russian, Middle Russian and South Russian). A significant layer of the narrow local names has been discovered, which are represented by one of the most ancient types of clothing, which reflected features of local creativity and performed ritual functions. The analysis of 38 linguistic maps of different types is made: lexical, lexico-word-formative, semantic, lexico-semantic, linguo-ethnographic. The isoglosses demonstrate the widespread distribution of lexemes in the territory of the Voronezh region, as well as local and insular. The mapping of the names of clothes helped to identify areas and zones that coincide in a series of maps. The geography of isoglossa and isopragma reflects the division of the territory of the Voronezh region into the Great Western Areas and the Great Eastern Area which include smaller linguistic zones. The Great Western area is represented by the zone of the interfluve of the Veduga and the Southern Devitsa, the zone of the interfluve of the Southern Devitsa and the Tihaya Sosna, the zone of the interfluve of the Don and the Khava. Within the Greater Eastern Area the Hvorostan river basin zone, the Osered river basin zone, the Bityug river basin zone, the zone of the interfluve of the Don and the Ikoretz and the Northeast Zone have been identified. These boundaries are confirmed by historical and ethnographic data, in particular, by the specific features of migration processes, by the peculiarities of the socioeconomic structure and traditional material culture. Parallel mapping of lexical and ethnographic data reveals the material which shows high historical and ethnographic informativeness of the linguistic landscape of the Voronezh Region. Its division is based on the formation of linguo-geographical associations around rivers that are natural boundaries of the identified areas and zones. Areas which are formed by lexical isoglosses represent, along with phonetic and grammatical data, great possibilities for the historical study of the linguistic phenomena.