Журнал «Филоlogos»

EXPRESSIVE FEATURES OF THE STORY OF I.A. BUNIN «THE CHAPEL»

Author: Burtsev V.A.

The expressive structure of the text of I. Bunin's short story ''The Chapel'' is described. As expressive, those features of the text are defined, thanks to which the sensations and feelings transmitted by the writer are felt and felt by the reader. The interest in the ''Chapel'' is due to the fact that the theme of this story, obviously, can be viewed as invariant, characteristic of a number of Bunin's stories. The starting point in the study is the model for analyzing the structure of a coherent text ''Topic-Text'', created by Yu.K. Shcheglov and A.K. Zholkovsky. According to the concept of this model, the artistic impact of a work can be explained by identifying a regular sequence of transformations - techniques of expressiveness. When using them, the topic is either converted to text (output, synthesis), or the text is converted to a topic (analysis). For the sake of greater explicitness, the structure of the text of the ''Chapel'' is described in this work through the analysis - as the conclusion of the topic by subtracting expressiveness techniques from the text. The topic is understood as a semantic invariant of the text, representing all its semantic features in the aggregate. When formulating a topic, the task is to prove that there is some natural correspondence between the topic and the text. At the same time, the task of presenting the theme as the ideological quintessence of the work is not set. An attempt is made to identify and describe the main links of the transition from the specific linguistic composition of the text of the "Chapel" to the explicit formulation of the theme of this work. The analysis tool is expressiveness techniques. They are considered as a set of operations, in terms of which the correspondence between the topic and the text is established. As an operation, the expressiveness technique is a transformation that matches the subject element with the text element. The general theme of the story is defined as a complete tragedy in the statement of human mortality. Presumably, various aspects of this tragic hopelessness, not always associated with death, but motivated by separation, betrayal, indifference, cruelty, or not motivated by anything (''I'm all silent''), are manifested in a number of Bunin's stories: ''Rusya'', ''Dark Alleys'', ''I'm all silent'', ''Easy Breathing'' , etc.