Журнал «Филоlogos»

THE PLOT SITUATION AS A STRUCTURE-FORMING ELEMENT OF A LITERARY TEXT

Author: Lomakina S.A.,

The subject of consideration in this article is plot situations taken at a certain moment of the correlation of the forces acting and based on the interaction of the protagonist and reality. The analysis of the originality of the plot-building of works of art makes it possible to highlight a number of plot situations that provide a new look at the creative evolution of the writer, at the peculiarities of his ideological crisis. Special attention is paid to five plot situations: initial, everyday certainty, mental transformation, reconciled, typical. The implementation of these situations in the study is presented on the example of the late work of L.N. Tolstoy. The passage of the characters through the plot situations helps not only to understand the contradictory nature of the character, but also to see various forms of expression of the author's position: internal dialogues and monologues, memories, "author's remarks", inappropriate direct speech, opposition of the characters to the environment. The conducted research expands the idea of the features of plot situations and allows us to draw the following conclusions. Firstly, the initial situation introduces the hero at a time when he is not yet fully dependent on the environment, filled with dreams and plans that determine the future interaction of the hero and reality. Secondly, in a typical situation, the actions of a character are presented, committed under the influence of the environment and exposing it at the same time. Thirdly, the situation of mental transformation allows us to reveal the changes that have taken place in the inner world of the hero, who is constantly under pressure from society, his difficult path to moral elevation above the mercantile world, the path to enlightenment even at the cost of his life. Fourth, the situation of everyday certainty allows us to deeply understand society with its predisposition to everyday life, to material values, as well as the hero with his desire for spiritual perfection. Fifthly, in a situation of reconciliation, a person reconciles with himself, and his attitude to society is determined. The author's position is presented in all plot situations, which allows us to speak about a certain degree of autobiography of many of the writer's later works.