Журнал «История: факты и символы»

THE COMMUNIST PARTY AT THE TURN OF 1920-1930-IES.: BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT AND THE SOCIETY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE ORYOL REGIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE CPSU (B))

Author: Saran A.Yu.

The article analyzesthe role of the Communist party of the Soviet Union in political and public life of the turn of 1920-1930s on the example of the Orel district Committee of the CPSU(b) in Tsentralno-Chernozemnaya region (TsChR). The description of the place of the Communist Party in the Constitutions of the USSR is considered by 1936 and 1977 where duality of the status of this organization as state and at the same time public structure is reflected. Connection of structure of the All-Union Communist Party (bolsheviks) with the administrative-territorial division (ATD) as a result of which existence of the Orel district Committee of the Communist Party was limited 1928-1930 - from creation of the TsChR before liquidation of districts as the administrative and territorial units (ATU) is reflected.The Orel district of TsChR became one of 11 ATE these levels, it was created based on a part of the liquidated Orel province. Regional elite of the district was created by temporary party-state commission which appointed or rejected candidacies of heads of all organizations of appropriate level. The Orel district committee of the All-Union Communist Party (bolsheviks) had the structure corresponding to the main objectives of the Communist Party in the period of the end of the 1920th, they consisted in self-organization of regional divisions of a batch which penetrated all state and most public structures, and in influence on various public groups.The role of a district link in structure of the regional party organization which served, in particular, as a personnel allowance for regional committee of the All-Union Communist Party (bolsheviks) of TsChR is characterized. The Orel district committee was exposed to criticism from the higher leading party bodies for commitment to the New Economic Policy, the players of its management were repeatedly changed. Specific examples illustrate intervention of the Orel district committee of the All-Union Communist Party (bolsheviks) in work of the Soviet and state bodies, a special status of the leading party workers in society. The conclusion about the presence of the characteristic activities of the organs of the Communist party in the middle link of the specific features of public organizations, state structures and the "suprastate" level management.